Influenza in Humans, Seasonal

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It affects millions of people globally each year, causing mild to severe illness and even death. In this article, we will discuss what seasonal influenza is, when it occurs, how it spreads, symptoms, first case, treatment, precautions, and conclusion.

What is seasonal influenza?

Seasonal influenza refers to the flu that occurs every year, primarily during the fall and winter months in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Influenza viruses undergo changes (mutations) regularly, leading to new strains that can cause illness. Due to these mutations, the flu vaccine needs to be updated each year to provide protection against the most prevalent strains of the virus.

When does seasonal influenza occur?

Seasonal influenza typically occurs between October and May in the Northern Hemisphere and between May and September in the Southern Hemisphere. The peak of the flu season varies from year to year, but it usually occurs between December and February.

How does seasonal influenza spread?

Influenza viruses spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. People can also become infected by touching a surface contaminated with the virus and then touching their mouth, nose, or eyes. The virus can survive on surfaces for up to 24 hours.

Symptoms of seasonal influenza

The symptoms of seasonal influenza can range from mild to severe and can include:

* Fever or feeling feverish/chills

* Cough

* Sore throat

* Runny or stuffy nose

* Muscle or body aches

* Headaches

* Fatigue (tiredness)

Some people may also experience vomiting and diarrhea, although these symptoms are more common in children than adults.

Date of the first case of seasonal influenza

The first recorded case of seasonal influenza occurred in the United States in March 1918. However, it is believed that the virus has been circulating for much longer than that.

Treatment for seasonal influenza

Most people with seasonal influenza recover without needing medical treatment. However, people with severe illness or those at high risk of complications (such as young children, older adults, pregnant women, and people with certain underlying medical conditions) may need antiviral medication. Antiviral medication can help reduce the severity and duration of illness and prevent complications. Over-the-counter medication can also help relieve symptoms such as fever, cough, and sore throat.

Precautions for seasonal influenza

The best way to prevent seasonal influenza is to get vaccinated each year. The flu vaccine is safe and effective and can reduce the risk of illness and complications. Other precautions include:

* Washing hands frequently with soap and water or using hand sanitizer

* Covering the mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing

* Avoiding close contact with people who are sick

* Staying home from work or school if you are sick

* Avoiding touching your eyes, nose, and mouth

* Cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces, such as doorknobs, keyboards, and phones

Conclusion

Seasonal influenza is a common illness that affects millions of people each year. It is caused by influenza viruses that undergo changes regularly, leading to new strains. The best way to prevent seasonal influenza is to get vaccinated each year and practice good hygiene. Most people recover from the flu without needing medical treatment, but those at high risk of complications may need antiviral medication. If you experience symptoms of the flu, stay home from work or school, and seek medical attention if necessary.

In addition to getting vaccinated and practicing good hygiene, there are other measures that can help prevent the spread of seasonal influenza. For example, wearing a mask in public settings can help reduce the risk of transmission. Social distancing measures, such as staying at least six feet away from others, can also help prevent the spread of the virus.

It is essential to note that the symptoms of seasonal influenza can be similar to those of other respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold or COVID-19. If you experience symptoms of respiratory illness, it is essential to seek medical attention and get tested for COVID-19 if necessary.

In conclusion, seasonal influenza is a common illness that affects millions of people each year. The best way to prevent the flu is to get vaccinated each year, practice good hygiene, and take other measures to prevent the spread of the virus. If you experience symptoms of the flu, stay home from work or school, and seek medical attention if necessary. By taking these steps, we can help reduce the impact of seasonal influenza and keep ourselves and our communities healthy.